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A GRASSROOTS REVOLUTION IN HOME HEATING COMFORT
MORE THAN 10 MILLION AMERICAN HOMES NOW HAVE VENT-FREE SUPPLEMENTARY GAS HEATING PRODUCTS.
WHY DO MORE AND MORE HOME OWNERS DEMAND THESE HIGHLY EFFICIENT, CLEAN-BURNING AND SAFE APPLIANCES?

It's because they've learned from their trusted neighbors, relatives, co-workers,
and friends what works -- and what doesn't work -- for them. They find out from
appliance users themselves that vent-free gas products deliver clean heat that is
safe, economical and efficient to use.
If you are thinking of enhancing the beauty of your home or building a new home,
vent-free gas products may be the right answer: vent-free products offer
substantial savings on installation costs because there is no need for a vent to
the outside -- no chimney, no hole-in-the wall or ceiling. And, a vent-free gas
fireplace or room heater can be placed just about any where in the home -- in a
corner, under a window or even as a room divider. Builders tell us that installing
a vent-free unit can save up to 60% of the installation costs since all it
takes is a gas line to the area of the home where you want the vent-free gas
appliance installed.
Homeowners value vent-free supplemental heating appliances for their beauty and
ability to significantly reduce heating bills. Because these units are a supplemental
heating source, they can reduce your monthly heating bill by allowing for the thermostat
to be lowered while the vent-free unit is operating. When you want to sell your home,
these units can add increased value because home buyers want an alluring fireplace or
heating stove that will suit any decor.
Vent-free products are equipped with an Oxygen Detection Safety-Pilot, which automatically
turns off the gas supply if the oxygen level in the room approaches an unsafe level. With
installations in more than 10 million American Homes since 1980 -- and more than 50 million
worldwide -- vent-free products have compiled an excellent safety record.
The supplemental gas heating appliances meet or exceed nationally recognized indoor air
quality guidelines. Extensive independent laboratory testing has verified that vent-free
gas appliances meet or exceed the nationally recognized guidelines for indoor air quality.
Appliances are available in sizes ranging from 2,000 Btu to 40,000 Btu, which can be
controlled by the homeowner, using a manual or thermostatic control, to deliver just
the right level of heating comfort. This scientific testing verified that, in most areas
of the country, vent-free gas products provide a small portion of desirable indoor humidity.
"Installing vent-free gas
heating appliances can save as much as 60% on installation costs."
– Home builder Chuck Edwards, former co-chairman of the National
Council of the Housing Industry of the National Association of Home
Builders.
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BUILD IN ADDED VALUE
THE FACT IS, HOMEOWNERS HAVE FALLEN IN LOVE WITH VENT-FREE GAS APPLIANCES. THEY LOVE
HAVING A FIREPLACE ANYWHERE THEY LIKE IN THEIR HOME. THEY LOVE TRANSFORMING AN
UNINTERESTING CORNER INTO A GORGEOUS FIREPLACE THAT BECOMES THE FAMILY’S FAVORITE
PLACE TO CURL UP AND GATHER AROUND.
But perhaps even more important than the entrancing beauty of vent- free
appliances is their practicality. Today’s home buyers want heating security. They
want safe, clean, efficient heat that is always there when they need it.
Economical to Install . There’s no need for a vent
to the outside – no chimney, no hole-in-the-wall. The installation goes faster, costs much less,
and the vent-free appliance can be placed just about anywhere in the home – in a corner, under a
window, even as a room divider.
Increased Value for Home Buyers . Give home buyers
the alluring fireplace or heating stove they dream about. Vent-free gas products operate on either
natural gas or propane, and are available in a huge variety of sizes and styles to suit any decor.
Safe Supplementary Heating . All vent-free gas appliances
are equipped with an Oxygen Detection Safety-Pilot, which automatically turns off the gas supply if
the oxygen level in the room approaches an unsafe level. With installations in
more than ten million American homes since 1980 – and more than 50 million
worldwide – vent-free products have compiled an excellent safety record.
Safe Indoor Air Quality . Extensive independent testing
has verified that ventfree gas appliances meet or exceed the nationally recognized guidelines for
indoor air quality, even for sensitive populations, such as children, pregnant
women, and the elderly. Vent-free products are tested by
independent appliance testing laboratories to assure they comply with ANSI
Z21.11.2, a standard established under the auspices of the American National
Standards Institute. This standard is maintained by a committee whose members
include utilities, manufacturers, government agencies, code officials, and
consultants. The Committee has removed from the standard all language
concerning sensitive populations because of vent-free products’ excellent health
and safety record over the past twenty years.
Wide Range of Sizing . Vent-free appliances are
available in sizes ranging from 2,000 to 40,000 Btu. These appliances can be controlled by the homeowner to
deliver just the right level of heating comfort.
Meet Recommended Humidification Requirements . An independent
research study has verified that vent-free gas products provide a small portion of
desirable indoor humidity, exceeding Association of Home Appliance
Manufacturers recommendations only in small, tightly-constructed homes where
the product is oversized for the space and operated at output levels that exceed
human comfort.
Emergency Heating . Most vent-free gas products do not use
electricity, so home owners value them highly for emergency heating in times of power outages.
"For many homeowners, vent-free gas products
are the right answer: they’re economical to install,
and they’re safe to operate. You can count on it, if
any of my clients have a safety problem, they’ll call
me right away. But I’ve never had a safety problem
with vent-free gas products."
– Home remodeler Peter Haselton, who has installed vent-free gas
products in many single-family homes, multifamily buildings and
condo apartments throughout New England.
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STRAIGHT FACTS ABOUT VENT-FREE GAS APPLIANCES
Although millions of American homeowners commonly use vent-free gas appliances,
there is still some confusion in the marketplace about these products. Even worse, much of this confusion
is based on the dissemination of inaccuracies and misconceptions about vent-free products. Some hard facts
are in order. On these pages we address several assertions that have been made about ventfree gas appliances.
Assertion: Some people have complained of health problems.
Fact: While some people may have special sensitivity to various
household environmental factors, there are no independent, documented studies that
show vent-free products cause illness or negative health effects. On the other hand, a thorough,
well-documented independent study has been conducted on the effects of vent-free gas product emissions.
The study concluded that vent-free gas heating products performed well within all nationally recognized
guidelines for indoor air quality.
Assertion: There are concerns about Carbon Monoxide (CO) emissions from vent-free appliances, especially in households with children, pregnant women, and elderly people.
Fact: The effects of vent-free products’ emissions on sensitive
populations were tested in the extensive independent study. This research used as its
criteria the recommended maximum levels of CO as set by the Consumer Product
Safety Commission (CPSC), with sensitive populations – such as children, pregnant women and the
elderly – as the benchmark. The results of the research proved that vent-free gas heating products
performed well within the CPSC guidelines for Carbon Monoxide and all other indoor air quality
guidelines by OSHA, NIOSH and ASHRAE.
Assertion: There is no standard that regulates the safety of vent-free products.
Fact: Vent-free products conform to the national product safety
standard, ANSI Z21.11.2. This standard strictly compels vent-free products to satisfy
many construction and performance requirements that, among others, include tests for proper
combustion under abnormal conditions. All vent-free gas products sold in the U.S. are certified
by recognized listing agencies for compliance with this ANSI standard to assure their safety and
performance.
Assertion: There is nothing to prevent a thrifty homeowner from using a ventfree gas heater as a sole heat source.
Fact: Surprisingly, there are homeowners who improperly use even
their cooking ranges as a sole heat source. The fact is, consumers must be informed on
how to use any new gas appliance in the home. All major building codes categorize vent-free
products for supplemental use and require that a primary source of heat (e.g., a furnace) be
present in the home before a vent-free product can be installed. It is clearly stated in the
operating instructions of every vent-free appliance that vent-free gas products are
only to be used for supplemental heating.
Assertion: There are many places where vent-free gas products are not accepted for use.
Fact: Currently, the vast majority of states in the U.S. allow for the
sale and installation of vent-free supplemental gas heat appliances. Massachusetts
is now in the regulatory stage following the change in law in March 2002. The International
Mechanical Code (IMC), the National Fuel Gas Code, and most other codes in the U.S. allow for
vent-free appliances. Unfortunately, the Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC) does not permit the use
of vent-free products; however, many localities are now adopting the IMC over the
UMC, and therefore, allowing the use of vent-free products.
Assertion: Vent-free products produce too much heat in tightly constructed homes.
Fact: The heat output of vent-free products that are properly sized can
be easily controlled by the homeowner and set to the desired comfort level. However,
installers of vent-free appliances in homes that have extremely tight construction should be
sure to follow the manufacturer’s instructions and building code requirements for supplying
ventilation and combustion air. In some cases, additional mechanical ventilation may need to be
added before installing a vent-free gas heating appliance.
Assertion: If a customer buys a vent-free gas appliance, it is necessary to purchase a quality Carbon Monoxide detector as well.
Fact: All homes, whether their energy source is electric, gas, wood, or
oil, should have a listed Carbon Monoxide (CO) detector. Primary sources of CO concern are
automobiles, indoor grilling on hibachis, and gas appliances that have not been properly
maintained. The independent research study on vent- free products concluded after extensive
testing that CO emissions from vent-free gas products are well within nationally recognized
indoor air quality guidelines, even for sensitive populations.
Assertion: Ceiling fans should not be installed in rooms with vent-free fireplaces.
Fact: Ceiling fans may be used to help distribute the heat, however,
fans should not be allowed to blow directly into the fireplace to avoid any drafts
that alter burner flame patterns, which can result in sooting. Assertion: All vent-free
appliances have inputs of as much as 40,000 Btu of heat, but most rooms need only 5,000 to 15,000.
Fact: Nearly all vent-free gas appliances have manual or thermostatic
controls that let the homeowner adjust the input rating to the preferred level of
heating (e.g., low to high). Vent-free appliances come in a variety of sizes,
ranging from inputs of 8,000 Btu to a maximum of 40,000 Btu. Smaller units are
available for bathrooms (2,000 - 6,000 Btu) and bedrooms (10,000 Btu). Manufacturers
provide clear sizing guidelines with their products.
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Water Vapor Released By Vent-Free Appliances.
Some people may be surprised to learn that vent-free appliances produce water. This occurs
naturally by burning a combination of gas and air. The water is in the form of a vapor
rather than a liquid. You can’t see it with your eyes.
During the cold months of the year, the relative humidity—the percentage of
water vapor in the air—is low. You’ve probably experienced a scratchy throat caused by
the dryness inside a home during the winter. Health studies have shown that increasing
the indoor relative humidity results in a reduction of respiratory illnesses. AHAM,
the trade association for the humidifier industry, recommends a 60% indoor relative humidity.
To improve the level of human comfort and reduce symptoms like a scratchy throat, many
people add humidification with either a portable or whole-house system. Of course, the
water vapor added to the air comes not only from humidifiers, but also from a variety
of sources such as dishwashers, ranges, showers, etc.
Keep in mind that a home is not airtight. Even one built to the tightest construction
standards allowed by codes still has at least 0.35 air exchanges per hour. This
means the higher relative humidity indoor air is constantly being replaced by lower
humidity outdoor air. You’ve probably noticed cold air leaks around the windows and doors in
your own home during winter. That’s indicative of air exchange taking place. While
vent-free products increase the relative humidity, the air exchange decreases the relative
humidity.
How does a vent-free appliance work in a really tight home? The answer is
“very well.” It’s simple: a well constructed home requires less heating, and as a
result, the appliance will operate for a shorter period of time and produce less water vapor.
Of course, in average homes—particularly those located in the most northern climates—you may
notice some condensation on cold surfaces such as the inside of the windows.
However, this condition is indicative of the weather and the construction, and most likely it
would exist whether a vent-free appliance is present or not.
In summary, a vent-free appliance produces some of the water vapor that occurs in the
home. It serves to help humidify the indoor air, and that’s beneficial for human
comfort and health. Also, tight houses are superior for preventing condensation problems, making
them good candidates for properly sized vent-free appliances.
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THE OXYGEN DETECTION SAFETY-PILOT: A "CIRCUIT BREAKER" FOR GAS SUPPLY
Safety is built into every vent-free gas product. Every vent-free unit sold
in the U.S. comes with a precision-engineered Oxygen Detection Safety- Pilot
(ODS).
The ODS automatically reacts to a reduction in the room’s oxygen supply. If
the oxygen level approaches 18%, the ODS shuts off the gas supply, eliminating
any possibility of danger well before an unsafe level is approached. What’s
more, the vent-free appliance can only be re-ignited manually, and only when
the room air is back to normal.
According to ODS manufacturers, no documented deaths have been attributed
to emissions from an ODS-equipped product. With more than ten million
vent-free units operating in American homes and more than 50 million worldwide,
that is an exemplary safety record.
TECHNOLOGY BEHIND THE ODS OPERATING SYSTEM
Normal Operation:
20.9 Percent Oxygen - The flame touches the tip of the Thermocouple,
generating the necessary millivoltage needed to hold the gas valve open.
Oxygen Level Drops:
19 Percent Oxygen - The flame begins to lift off the precision Pilot Burner.
The Thermocouple begins to cool.
Safety Shutdown:
18 Percent Oxygen - The unstable pilot flame goes out, causing the Thermocouple
to cool. The Thermocouple stops generating the electricity needed to hold the spring
loaded solenoid valve open. The valve shuts the ventfree gas heater down and cannot be
started until the oxygen level in the room returns to normal.
LET’S CLEAR THE AIR
To document how vent-free gas products affect indoor air quality, the American
Gas Association Research (AGAR) Laboratories* performed an extensive, independent
scientific study.
The study was performed in a real home, the AGAR research and demonstration house.
AGAR scientists tested the levels of all five major contributors of indoor air quality
– oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and water vapor (humidity)
– against the latest IAQ guidelines and recommendations. The chart below shows the
results of the study. The researchers concluded that, in all cases, vent-free gas
heating products performed well within nationally recognized guidelines for indoor
air quality. Vent-free gas products provide clean heat.
* AGAR was the research arm of the International Approval Services
(IAS), a nationally recognized independent testing agency. IAS, formerly known as A.G.A.
Laboratories, now known as CSA International, has been certifying gas appliances since
1928 to ANSI safety standards. In 1997, AGAR was purchased by Energy International, Inc.
"It gets quite cold in our living room, and there are
four of us who spend a lot of time in that room, so
we wanted to be sure we had enough heat. I needn’t
have worried. The vent-free gas fireplace heats up
quickly and keeps that room warm and comfortable.
We use it a lot during cold weather, and we’ve never
had a safety problem with it. I would highly recommend
a vent-free gas fireplace."
– Homeowner Anne Sarkes
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Innuendo vs. Fact-Based Research
From time to time, circulars have been disseminated that imply various
indoor air quality concerns of ventfree gas products. However, none of
the implications and assertions made in these publications have ever been
supported by documented independent research. The AGAR study is documented
independent research, substantiated by thorough and unbiased scientific
testing. The AGAR research proved that vent-free gas appliances provide
clean heat that meets or exceeds all nationally recognized guidelines for
indoor air quality.
For an Executive Summary of the AGAR research study on indoor air
quality with the use of vent-free gas products, call or write the
Vent-Free Gas Products Alliance.
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